<> Surge – A brief, but intense, spike in electricity commonly caused by lightning. Surges can damage and destroy electronics, & the intense “spike in electricity” or spike in voltage and current harms circuit boards and components.


<>Blackout – A power outage lasting anywhere from seconds to days. These are most commonly caused by severe weather, utility power shortages, accidents, and power grid failures.


<>Brownout – An intentional or unintentional drop in voltage for an extended period of time. In emergency conditions, power companies may lower the voltage of your electricity to reduce strained resources and avoid a total blackout.


<>Voltage Sags – A sag is also a type of under voltage, but, unlike a brownout, it’s sudden and brief.


<>Over Voltage – Occurs when incoming voltage is higher than normal and lasts longer than a surge but not high enough to be classified as a surge or spike.


<>Frequency Noise – Also known as line noise, frequency noise can disrupt or degrade the performance of a circuit by injecting abnormalities into the system.


<>Frequency Variation – Not a common problem when power supplies are stable, but it can occur when using generators and power frequency fluctuates more than desired.


<>Harmonic Distortion – A departure from the ideal electrical signal on a given power source.

Utility power, supplies electricity in the form of sine wave alternating current. When the UPS is in normal mode, it passes the same electrical sine wave to your connected devices. If the UPS switches to operate in battery mode, it either produces sine wave or simulated sine wave electricity to power your electronics.Here is an illustration of a sine wave and a simulated sine wave.




<>You will notice the simulated sine wave output has a power gap at each cycle. Sometimes this power gap may cause stress in the power supply in sensitive electronics, harming them.


<>You will need a UPS with True sine wave technology if you want to plug-in the Equipment with Active PFC power supplies to avoid damage to equipment.

Galvanic isolation in power equipment refers to the fact that the output power circuit is electrically and physically isolated from the input power circuit. Electrical isolation is accomplished using an isolation transformer. Physical isolation means that the output power wiring does not touch or connect to the input wiring. This is a requirement of international safety agencies in order to prevent shock hazard. Therefore, the addition of another transformer is redundant. Isolation is a feature that can be added to any UPS. The actual benefit of installing an isolation transformer is that common mode noise fed to the computer or equipment is greatly reduced.

In a transformer-based UPS, the Output Isolation Transformer allows the UPS to power loads, such as motors (with four-quadrant drive systems) and industrial devices without disruption.

Pulse Width Modulation or PWM technology is used in Inverters to give a steady output voltage of 230 or 110 V AC irrespective of the load. The Inverters based on the PWM technology are more superior to the conventional inverters. The use of MOSFETs in the output stage and the PWM technology makes these inverters ideal for all types of loads. In addition to the pulse width modulation, the PWM Inverters have additional circuits for protection and voltage control.